Ingrown Toenail
An ingrown toenail (onychocryptosis) is a painful condition in which the nail grows inward and penetrates the surrounding skin, causing inflammation, pain, and possible infection. It occurs most commonly in the big toe and may worsen if not treated properly and in a timely manner.
Causes and Risk Factors
– Incorrect nail trimming: Cutting the nail too short or curved increases the risk of it growing into the skin.
– Tight shoes or high heels: These place pressure on the nail, forcing it to grow inward.
– Nail injuries: Dropping an object on the nail or repeated minor trauma (e.g. in athletes).
– Genetic predisposition: In some individuals, the nails naturally have a curved shape, increasing the likelihood of ingrowth into the skin.
– Fungal infections: These may alter the shape of the nail, leading to ingrowth.
– Excessive sweating of the feet: This softens the skin and makes it more vulnerable to pressure from the nail.
Symptoms
– Pain and tenderness around the nail, especially during walking.
– Redness and swelling on the side of the nail.
– Inflammation or infection: swelling, discharge of pus, and increased temperature in the area.
– Swelling of the skin around the nail, which may form hypertrophic tissue (granulation tissue).
Professional Treatment by a Podiatrist
1. Conservative methods:
Proper nail trimming by the podologist/podiatrist.
Application of special nail braces to guide the nail to grow correctly.
Education on how to trim the nail properly by yourself.
2. Minimally invasive method:
Partial nail avulsion, in severe and recurrent cases.
Prevention
– Cut the nails straight across, not too close to the skin.
– Wear comfortable shoes with a good fit.
– Maintain good foot hygiene to prevent infections.
When to Visit the Podiatrist
If there is severe pain, infection, granulation tissue, or frequent recurrences, professional care is essential for proper and long-term management
Ingrown toenail is a common and painful condition, but with timely treatment and proper foot care, they can be managed effectively. Early intervention by a podiatrist helps relieve symptoms, prevent complications, and reduce the risk of recurrence.
